The adult sunflower stem weevil is about 5 mm (0.2 in) long and a grayish-brown color with irregular whitish markings. Check closely for signs of Charcoal rot or any lodging of sunflowers. A robust brown and white spotted snout beetle found on the stem and in leaf axils. Distribution of Sunflower Insect Pests . Sunflower Beetle . Stalks with gray basal discoloration and shredded internal tissue with small black flecks. We conducted surveys of weevil natural enemy diversity and abundance … Drills egg hole in stem in which it lays its egg. The plant has large, broad lower leaves which are oval and arranged alternately on the stem and smaller, narrower upper leaves which are attached individually to the stem. They are creamy white with a small, brown head capsule, usually found in a C-shape in the sunflower stalk. Host Plant Resistance Genus . Overwintering chambers . The large larvae leave a 1/4-inch tunnel in the pith as they burrow down to the roots. Larvae are 0.25 inch long at maturity. Chapter Eight: Stem and Twig Damagers - Twig-Feeding Beetles. The plant has a thick, hairy, erect stem which gives rise to a large flower head. As with other cultivated crops that are harvested at the field scale, some seed may escape harvest, mostly from shattering, particularly when infected with sclerotinia. Both are easy to scout, identify and control. Phoma has been implicated as one of the major biotic causes of premature … Larvae and pupae are similar in appearance to those of C. adspersus, but tend to be smaller and more yellowish in coloration. When weevil levels are high enough to weaken the stalk, they will lodge, due to increased stalk rot. Larvae feed, develop, and overwinter in the stem. Direct sprays at adult weevils when there is 1 adult per plant. The sunflower stem weevil, Cylindrocopturus adspersus (LeConte), infests wild and cultivated sunflowers in Colorado, Texas, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota (Schulz 1978; Charlet 1983). Adult weevils are small (0.5 cm) and brown with … The head seems remarkably small and tapers toward the long snout. You can protect your farm from Sunflower stem weevil by regularly checking you property for the presence . Description. How can I protect my farm from Sunflower stem weevils? Sunflower, Helianthus annuus, is an herbaceous annual plant in the family Asteraceae, grown for its seeds. Warrior II with Zeon Technology is a Restricted Use Pesticide. Headclipper Weevil The adult sunflower Headclipping weevil (Haplorhynchites aeneus Boheman) is shiny black and about 5/16 inch long. Eggs are laid in the head. The gardener oftentimes must deal with a variety of pests from insects to animals and birds. Sunflower stem weevil – Cylindrocopturus adspersus (LeConte) 6 6 6 6 6 Sunflower maggot – Strauzia longipennis (Wiedenmann) 5 5 5, 6 Sunflower beetle – Zygogramma exclamationis (F.) 8 7, 8 8 8 8 7 8. of new pests and diseases. B5. However, people are not the only ones enjoying this plant. The sunflower stem weevil is a common pest, laying its eggs in the sunflower's stem. The wasp larva, still contained within its living host, also enters diapause. However, since the pathogen Phoma macdonaldii Boerma has been isolated from adults they are highly suspected of vectoring Phoma black stem disease in sunflower fields. The native weevil … Helianthus. Adult red seed weevil This is the most common damaging insect group on flowering sunflower. A modified boll weevil diet for laboratory rearing of the larvae, and methods to collect the eggs and larvae are described. It usually emergences in May and June and is most common in the High Plains. The damage includes dangling seed heads and stems that looked like soda straws. Adult weevils feed on leaves and lay eggs in stem. Cocklebur weevil The adult weevil is 1/4 to 3/8 inch long and is red with black spots. Both cause damage to the stalk of the plant as they feed on the pith. The sunflower stem weevil larval counts indicated very heavy stem weevil pressure in 2002 at Akron with the mean density ranging from 20 to 60 larvae per stalk among the germplasm tested. Both weevils have pronounced ‘snouts' that make them recognizable. Bacterial stalk rot; Premature ripening of stalks and poor filling of heads. More recently the sunflower midge and the seed weevil has been a problem for non-oil sunflower producers in the Red River valley. Sunflower stem weevil Cylindrocopturus adspersus. Feeding on sunflower plant stems, the sunflower stem weevil is ⅛- to ¼-inch long, gray-brown with white spots and black antennae, snout and eyes. has 49 species Coevolutionary history with insects Majority of major pests specific to . For the formation of 20 centners / ha of seeds, the plants need 56–58 kg / ha of nitrogen, 22 kg / ha of phosphorus, and 30 kg / ha of potassium. stem girdler (Dectes texanus). The black sunflower stem weevil is a small, shiny black weevil about 2.5 mm (1/10 inches) long from the base of its globose body to the end of its curved snout. long. This weevil causes very little damage. Females feed on pollen and nectar of flowering heads. Sunflower takes out nitrogen and phosphorus in large quantities in comparison to other crops, and has no equal in terms of potassium use. Sunflower Head Clipping Weevil - Joe Boggs Jul 7, 2020. The peculiar handiwork of the sunflower headclipping weevil (Haplorhynchites aeneus) is just getting underway this season on purple coneflowers (Echinacea purpurea) and other members of the aster family (Asteraceae) in southwest Ohio. Much more abundant in drouthy sites and years. Adult sunflower stem weevils feed on foliage, which is usually not severe enough to require insecticide applications. The peculiar handiwork of the sunflower headclipping weevil (Haplorhynchites aeneus) is just getting underway this season on purple coneflowers (Echinaceapurpurea) and other members of the aster family (Asteraceae) in southwest Ohio. The feeding and excavation of the stalk by larvae and adults is what causes the weakening and breaking of the sunflower stalk. The number of weevils ranged from 1 to 184 larvae per stalk among all the stalks dissected for the study. Damage by larvae of sunflower stem weevil causes serious stalk breakage when larval populations are large. of a sunflower stem weevil, Cylindrocopturus adspersus LeConte, a pest of cultivated sunflower. Stem Weevil Biology . • Sunflower beetle • Sunflower moth • Seed weevil (adult) • Stink bug spp. How to Treat Sunflower Pests. Sunflower stem weevil (adult) Apply esfenvalerate, beta-cyfluthrin, deltamethrin , chlorpyrifos, lambda/gamma-cyhalothrin, or zeta-cypermethrin products at the rates listed for sunflower moth. The red seed weevil is the more common of the two weevils. However the weevil will have multiple larvae per stem and the larvae will be smaller in size and C-shaped. Headclipper weevil on stalk Life Cycle: Adults emerge in mid-July and may be found on plants for 2 to 3 weeks. Host plants are still required for adult feeding and oviposition. Sunflower stem weevils, Cylindrocopturus adspersus, occur throughout the Great Plains of the United States and in Saskatchewan. However, early planting may increase damage by the banded sunflower moth and the sunflower stem weevil. Root … Here, we use this approach to search for biological control agents of the sunflower stem weevil (Cylindrocopturus adspersus LeConte), an economically important pest of commercial sunflower. It is about 1/4 in. Here, we use this approach to search for biological control agents of the sunflower stem weevil (Cylindrocopturus adspersus LeConte), an economically important pest of commercial sunflower. Sunflower stem weevils (Cylindrocopturus adspersus) and at least 10 other species in the Curculionidae, including the red sunflower seed weevil (Smicronyx fulvus), the boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis grandis), and the plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar). • Controlling sunflower stem weevil helps prevent transmission of Phoma black stem disease Key pests controlled • Banded sunflower moth • Seed weevil (adult) Refer to label for a complete list of insects. The larva, a white legless larva, burrows in the stem pith. banded sunflower moth, sunflower stem weevil, sunflower moth, sunflower beetle & red sunflower seed weevil . Our objective was to determine whether altered planting periods could reduce weevil densities in confection and oilseed sunflower in the central High Plains production region. When parasitizing the sunflower stem weevil, the female wasp lays a single egg into a first instar larva, which feeds just under the epidermis of the stem where it is within reach of the wasp's ovipositor. Lodging after flowering, heads with soft rot. Larvae are cream colored and C-shaped and grub-like in appearance. By the winter, the host larva is fully developed and enters diapause in a chamber near the base of the plant. The sunflower stem weevil also has been implicated in the transmission of Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, which causes charcoal stem rot in sunflower in the southern Plains. The sunflower stem weevil, Cylindrocopturus adspersus (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an economic pest of cultivated sunflower in both the northern and southern Great Plains of the United States and in Saskatchewan. Life Cycle. egg larvae adult . Sunflower stem weevil; Stalks black on the outside, hollow inside with ink‑black, watery tissue breakdown. Larvae feed inside stem and sometimes kill stem above infestation. Adult feeding on stem and leaf tissue produces negligible effects on plants, but larval … Occasionally, western Kansas, eastern Colorado, and North and South Dakota experience severe losses due to this pest. It is found in North America, where the larvae tunnel in the stems of wild and cultivated sunflower plants. maggot (Strauzia longipennis), and the long-horned sunflower. The larvae use the stem for feeding and overwintering. Larvae are yellow and have been found among sunflower stem wee-vil larvae. Sunflower stem weevil adults are about 0.19 inch long and grayish brown with white spots of various shapes on wing covers and thorax. Growers attempting to use planting dates to control any sunflower insect should be aware of all the insect pests they are likely to have, not just one species. The black sunflower stem weevil (Apion) is black and about 1/10 inch long. Adults feed on leaf margins during the day & larvae over leaf surface at night Overwinter as adults in soil Eggs laid on stem or underside of leaves . The red weevil adults are 0.1 to 0.12 inch long and the gray weevils are slightly larger. The snout, eyes, and antennae are black. Classical biological control programs often target a pest's region of origin as a likely source for new biological control agents. Cylindrocopturus adspersus, the sunflower stem weevil, is a species of true weevil in the beetle family Curculionidae. 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